Acne Specialist
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Adult and Pediatric Dermatology
Acne Q & A
What causes acne?
Hair follicles contain oil-producing glands. Usually, the oil drains out of the follicle and onto your skin. When dead skin cells block the opening, the oil becomes trapped, and acne develops.
Acne most often appears when oil production increases, a problem that commonly begins during the hormonal changes brought on by puberty and women’s menstrual cycles. When the bacteria that normally live on your skin get trapped with the oil, you end up with red, inflamed acne.
In addition to hormonal changes, some medications cause acne, and you may have an inherited tendency to develop it. Though researchers are still exploring the role that diet plays in acne, recent studies indicate that milk, sugary drinks and foods, and high-fat foods can increase the incidence of acne in adults.
What kinds of acne are there?
- Comedones (blackheads and whiteheads)
- Papules (small, red pimples)
- Pustules (small, pus-filled pimples)
- Nodules (large, painful pimples)
What causes acne scarring?
- You have inflammatory acne
- Your inflamed acne isn’t treated
- You pick, squeeze, or pop your acne (causing inflammation)
- You have a relative who had acne scarring
How is acne treated?
- Topical bactericidal
- Topical antibiotics
- Topical or oral retinoids
- Hormonal treatments
- Laser treatment
- Phototherapy (red and blue light)